Use of renewable energy sources
Currently, in the 27 EU states, renewable energy sources are generally used as blends with fossil fuels in order to achieve the European targets for renewable energies in the transport sector. The most widespread blending proportions in the transport sector are used in road transport and are as follows
- a maximum of 7 % v/v biodiesel (FAME) in fossil diesel (B7),
- a maximum of 5 % v/v bioethanol in gasoline (E5),
- a maximum of 10 % v/v bioethanol in gasoline (E10),
- an undefined proportion up to a total replacement of natural gas by renewable methane, and
- an undefined proportion up to a total substitution of the national electricity supply with electricity from renewable sources
In addition, some Member States also use higher blends or pure renewable energy sources; the following figure provides an overview
© DBFZ 2023, Schröder, J.; Remmele, E.; Thuneke, K. (2023): Use of renewable energy in transport. In: 10.48480/4xdx-xy05 Figure 6-1
The application section of the report further addresses aspects of available fuel standards and labelling, fuel quality parameters, safety aspects of fuel handling, refuelling and distribution infrastructure requirements, and motor use of renewables.